Time, History, and Belief in Aztec and Colonial Mexico Essay

Aztec culture Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The history of different people and how they lived in the past is majorly explained through their cultural way of life. People lived in different geographical localities, but due to similar ethic and racial background they shared a common background in terms of cultural, political, social, and religious beliefs. Aztec empire is one of the societies that lived in different geographical localities which included New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Nevada, but shared similar culture. The empire was formed by millions of people who migrated and settled in Mexico with most of them living in Tenochtitlan (Pennock, 2011). The Aztec had a culture that was complicated although rich in religious and mythological beliefs. The people culture encompassed arts (carvings on animals and religious images) music, dressing, dance, drinks, sports, food, games, and rituals that could involve human sacrifice and they were transferred from one generation to the o ther.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Aztec empire believed that a family was the most important aspect that signified life and new generations. The family was composed of men, women, and children and each member had a specific duty towards the family. Men were responsible for looking for food through hunting and gathering of wild fruits. Women were left to cook food and do the weaving jobs while they took care of children during the day. Children or young boys were trained on how to hunt and gather fruits and foods by their fathers and some went to school. On the other hand, young girls were trained on how to do household chores by their mothers in addition to weaving. A family was started through tradition marriage that was conducted through ceremonies and was between young girls as young as fifteen years and men as young as eighteen years (Pennock, 2011).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Art was one of the ways the Aztec culture recorded information on different beliefs, religion, and war fare. The recordings helped the people to transfer their beliefs and cultiure to other generations so that they would be continuous from one generation to the other. Since in the early Aztec culture few technology on recording and preserving information were available, they recorded their information inform of paintings and writings on the bark of trees. The writings and paintings were then stored in the temple and people could read and use the paintings to learn their history and they warfare encounter (Smith, 2008). The art works was done using various themes such as insects, animals, fish, and plants. Moreover, others reflected religion beliefs and gods that were majorly placed in temples. Hence, art was important in the Aztec culture as it was used to record their activities and events that could be passed from one generation to the o ther.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Religion was evident in Aztec culture. The Aztec people worshipped different gods and goddess that were categorised according to their responsibilities. Since Aztec people were mainly farmers, they conducted rituals in form of ceremonies every year before planting so that they could ensure that they could get a good crop and harvest. The ceremonies involved human sacrifices that were dedicated to gods, Tezcatlipoca (Hassig, 2013). The human sacrifices were obtained from children or prisoners that were captured during war with the neighbouring societies. They believed that human blood and heart was important so as to strengthened the gods and goddesses and bless them with good harvests in addition to their protection and conquering other societies to get more prisoners for human sacrifices. Moreover, they build large temples that were meant for performing the human sacrifices (Smith, 2008).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Aztec empire also had a unique dress that was used to identify them with their culture that was part of art. The material of the dressing was mainly a beautiful fabric of bright colours that was intertwined and tailored to different designs. The bright colours and design were unique to Aztec people and helped them to identify with their culture. The dressing colours were also used to identify social class as the quality and the design were unique to social class (Dwyer, Stout, & Stout, 2013). The wealthy class were characterised with the best qualities and designs as the commoner material quality was low.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dance was performed in line with religious and social activities in the society. In some instances, dancing was performed as a religious ritual that was meant to please gods so that they could give blessings to the people and protect them from evil (Dwyer et al, 2013). Moreover, the dance was also done to colour ceremonies that varied from entertainment to ritual ceremonies. The dances were performed in accompaniment with music. The music was sang and played as a form of rituals or players to gods. Different music had different themes. Some music was purely for entertainment while others were purely dedicated to gods. Moreover music was performed based on seasons. Various instruments such as drums, flutes, and rattles were used to play music as well as chanting as a way to worship gods. Therefore, dancing and music were used by the Aztec to preserve their cultures from one generation to the other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The culture has various games and sports that were important in their culture. The games provided entertainment to leaders and other people distinguished in the social class. The entertainment was also done during ceremonies in the society. Moreover, the games could also be performed to portray religious meaning. For religious ceremonies, games were performed during human or other sacrifice to appease the gods so that they could accept the sacrifice and do as the people had played.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Aztec empire had different kinds and unique food that were rich and concentrated with spices. The dishes that were common and popular among the Aztec were tortillas, tacos, and tamales. There were other foods that were gathered by men like seeds of sage plants that were common as cereal, eggs, dogs, turkey, and rabbits (Culture and Arts, 2013). Unlike other cultures, most of Aztec food was made with chilli peppers as the main spice. Delicacies that were common among the Aztec people were green slime. The food was obtained from Lake Texococo and its taste was compared to that of cheese. Most of the time enjoyed water as a form of refreshments and in special occasions or ceremonies beer was the main form of drinks. The Aztecs also enjoyed drinks such as hot sweetened chocolate and sometimes octilli. The latter was common among the noble people and other people of a higher social class.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aztec people day to day life involved agriculture as a form of socioeconomic practices. Their main type of crop that they cultivated was corn. The people were hard working and dedicated farming to their gods and they were able to have crops in surplus. Few practiced irrigation on the dry lands while the majority ploughed on shallow lakes. Farmers transferred mud and soil from dry land to the shallow lakes thus forming islands, chinampas that they in turn used as land for agriculture (Cohn, 2013). The islands were very fertile and productive, which resulted in food surplus. The surplus food and other crops were sold to the other communities and neighbouring empires through Tlateolco market that united various communities. Although Aztecs lacked monetary system, they used barter trade of exchange of goods and services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Aztecs were most of the time involved in wars where they capture prisoners for human sacrifice and slaves for their economic purposes. They used futile weapons to fight other tribes and neighbouring communities (Clendinnen, 2010). Some of the weapons that were common among them were wooden clubs. The clubs were edged with pieces of obsidians that were sharp forming a tool that they commonly referred to as macuahuitl. The weapon was used to demobilize the enemies without killing them so that they could be captured as slaves and prisoners for human sacrifice. Other weapons prevalent among the Aztecs were spears and arrow that could either disable or kill the enemies. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aztec culture was rich in art works such as carvings of different images. They believed family as unit of life and marriage was between a man and women. In family, men were hunters and gatherers while women cooked food and weaved clothes. The people had different types of foods such as eggs, cereals, meat, and fish. Spicy pepper was common among the community. The people had religious beliefs and worshiped many gods and goddess that were categorised based on events or season. They sacrificed human beings for the gods in order to be protected and their land to be blessed. In addition, they had different games that could be played in times of ceremonies or religious rituals. Dance was common among the people in combination with music. Similarly, dance and music was done as a way of worship or entertainment in ceremonies. The people had a unique dress that identified them with their culture. References Clendinnen, I. (2010). The cost of courage in Aztec society: essays on Mesoamerican society and culture. Cambridge University Press. Cohn, J. (2013). The Aztecs. New York: Gareth Stevens Pub. Culture and Arts. (2013). Mexico Country Review, 178-184. Dwyer, H., Stout, M., & Stout, M. (2013). Aztec history and culture. New York, NY: Gareth Stevens Pub. Hassig, R. (2013). Time, History, and Belief in Aztec and Colonial Mexico. University of Texas Press. Pennock, C. (2011). ‘A Remarkably Patterned Life’: Domestic and Public in the Aztec Household City. Gender & History, 23(3), 528-546. Smith, M. E. (2008). The Aztec Empire. The Aztec World. Ed. Brumfiel, E., M. and Gary M. F. New York: Abrams, 2008. 121-136. Source document

Victoria Secret

VICTORIA SECRET MARKEITNG STRATEGY MARKET OBJECTIVES Focus on Product Strategy In order to penetrate into the Asian market, Victoria’s Secret should focus on product strategy, as the pressure for customization is high in order to offer points of difference to Asian consumers. This can be carefully managed by establishing an R&D team in Singapore to focus on the Asian market.By setting up a human engineering research centre which carries out detailed research into body shapes and sizes and other related areas such as human sensibilities and physiology, centering its research towards Asians, Victoria’s Secret could successfully tailor its products to suit the local market. Product testing and performance evaluation With new innovations, Victoria’s Secret can subsequently test its new products via its official website or a new website catered to the Asian market. This allows the company to track and analyze sales, which in turns helps to improve research.In addition , it is important to use the existing physical stores at Resorts World Sentosa and Changi Airport to showcase new products catered specially to the local market. Performance audit and brand tracking can be done to identify areas of improvement as well as testing the feasibility of the strategies used. Evaluating the performance would help Victoria’s Secret to decide if the company should continue with the geographic expansion strategy and also identify areas that may enhance its expansion efforts. Establish strong brand presence in the regionFull penetration into the Asian market can be done through setting up of physical stores in prime shopping district in the region, namely, Hong Kong, Korea, Japan, Singapore and Shanghai. Victoria’s Secret can also adopt a transnational strategy which strives to optimize the trade-offs associated with efficiency, local adaptation and learning. Local responsiveness can be maintained through periodic brand audits to ensure success in the geographic expansion strategy. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ————————————————- Target Segment: Male (Sample Size: 57) Brand AwarenessA) Brand Recall Victoria’s Secret and Triumph received the highest brand recall rate when respondents were asked to list the brand(s) of lingerie they knew. This is followed by Wacoal and La Senza. B) Brand Recognition When asked if there were aware of these brands, Victoria’s Secret and Triumph enjoy high brand recognition with 96% and 98% followed by Wacoal (68%) and La Senza(65%). C) Effectiveness of Existing Communication Channels The male respondents indicate that they know the brand through its fashion show (67%), their female (58%) and male friends (36%) and features on magazine (47%).Respondents also quoted having seen its online catalogs (24%) and physical stores (27%). However, only 24% of the respondents have seen its fa shion shows. 11% has visited the brand’s website while only 2% indicated that they own its catalogs. Brand Reponses When asked about their previous purchases, only 14% of the male respondents have purchase lingerie for their partners before. Out of these purchases, 75% were brought on impulse while 38% were for birthdays and surprise gifts. In assessing their intention to buy for their partners in the future, 68% indicated that they would buy lingerie for their partners in the future.They also indicated that they would most likely to buy for their partners as a birthday (31 respondents out of 39), anniversary (30 respondents out of 39) and surprise gifts (35 respondents out of 39). To make these purchases, 77% would head down to the stores, 54% would make their purchases online while 46% would get help from their female friends to make the purchases. Brand Resonance In assessing their loyalty to a brand, 29 out of 39 respondents indicated that they will not stick to one brand . To choose a brand, 73% would look at the design and 68% would take into account the accessibility of the stores.In addition, 51% would also look at the price of the lingerie. This indicate low brand resonance among the male respondents. Target Segment: Females (Sample Size: 74) Brand Awareness A) Brand Recall When respondents were asked to list the brand(s) of lingerie they knew, Triumph received the highest brand recall rate. This is followed by Victoria’s Secret, Wacoal, Pierre Cardin, La Senza and Calvin Klein. B) Brand Recognition When asked if there were aware of these brands, Triumph enjoys the highest brand recognition of 100%, followed by La Senza and Victoria’s Secret with 95% each.C)  Effectiveness of Existing Communication Channels 62% of the female respondents are aware of Victoria’s Secret outlet in Singapore. However, most of them know it through word-of-mouth (69%) and only 33% know it through advertisement and 7% through its campaign. Brand R eponses A)  Brand Price Perception 41% of the respondents think that a fair price for a piece of Victoria’s Secret lingerie should be within $20-$50, while 45% of them said it should be within $51-$90. B)  Brand Quality Perception The respondents believe that Victoria’s Secret provides good quality and a variety of lingerie, with a mean of 3. 4 and 3. 57 out of 5 respectively. C)  Purchase Intention 81% of the respondents do not own Victoria’s Secret lingerie with 54% of them explaining that it is too expensive and 36% indicated that they are not sure where to buy them from. However, 82% of the respondents indicated that they would consider purchasing Victoria’s Secret lingerie in the future and 63% said they would buy it for special occasion. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS The female respondents rated sexiness and confidence as the 2 most favourable associations.However, the superior and romantic image of the brand is less favourable but the result has low consistency among respondents, as shown by their high standard deviation (>0. 75). This shows that Victoria’s Secret has room for improvement in order to emerge as a favourable brand among others. Victoria’s Secret has a relatively high level of uniqueness. The association with â€Å"sexiness† scores the highest, with a mean of 4. 07, followed by â€Å"stylishness† and â€Å"confidence†. Hence, Victoria’s Secret can advertise the feeling of sexiness, confidence and stylishness as everyday essentials to reach out to a larger target market and boost its sales.Conclusion According to the findings from the survey targeted at female, the association with sexiness scored high on all three elements. This indicates that Victoria’s Secret should continue to market towards that direction. Secondly, the association with superiority and exclusiveness scored generally low on all three elements. Victoria’s Secret has to improve on these asso ciations, either through various marketing efforts or by tapping onto the stronger attributes, as they are associations that the brand aims to represent as well.

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Research proposal - Essay Example rious industries, including the UK banking sector is also making vital use of IT networks in their processing of customer services (Ho & Mallick, 2006; Samakovitis, 2006). It is often argued that IT systems hold considerable significance in the building cooperative associations with customer groups that further facilitates better customer serving and hence, contributes to augmented customer loyalty. Both these spectrums, i.e. customer loyalty linked with better customer serving, have been many a time associated with the longevity and continuous expansion of any service sector today, and likely to be apparent in the banking sector as well. Keeping speculations aside, the UK service sector, which is the other dimension in focus of the title chosen for this study, has been reported as growing impressively over the past few years even if its particular drawbacks remain to be consistent (Mullineux, 2012). The three key dimensions of the UK financial sector, vis-Ã  -vis, and its banking sector involve payment services, insurance services against risk and intermediation services between lenders and borrowers. While all these three dimensions present different challenges for the banking institutions in the UK, the continuously changing demands and shifts in the market functions have somewhat forced these banks to build a close and strong relationship with its customers (Davies & et. al., 2010). The particular problems presented by the UK banking services sector have thus been attempted to be resolved with the usage of IT innovations (Aliyu & Tasmin, 2012). Nevertheless, this topic yet remains as negligibly studied among the modern scholars, indicating a gap in the literature obtainable to test such speculations. Hence, emphasizing this gap currently present in the scholar society, the proposed study will aim at deriving firm conclusions on the strength of influences imposed by IT innovations and developments on the UK banking industry. From a mere tool for communication,

The next generation air transportation system Research Paper

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Personal managerial effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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Public School Funding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Communication Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Communication Case Analysis - Essay Example Effective communication is a primary influence in the fulfillment of extraordinary heights of organizational effectiveness. There is a parallel relationship between organizational effectiveness and organizational communication. Organizational communication contains countless message sending and receiving occurrences touching official communal units in which individuals work toward common goals (Monge et al, 250-274, 1992). It is rare to discover an organization that challenges to accomplish all stages of communication as a handy activity. As Gilbert Amelio once said, â€Å"developing excellent communication skills is essential for effective leadership. The leader must be able to share knowledge and ideas to transmit a sense of urgency and enthusiasm to others, and if a leader cannot get a message across clearly and motivate others to act on it, then having a message does not even matter" (Maxwell, pp. 23, 2006). Discussion These six stories are explaining the appropriate hints that would lead to the basic reason why quality management and lack of coordination in Legal Eagles is high. The importance of communication management and its significance will be clearer as story wise comparison and suggestions are as follows: Managing with Professional Politics Gossiping around is not an authentic state to make a legal opinion about an organization. For instance, in story # 1, a junior research clerk is just afraid of working over-time, he being the lower management staff is not aware of the company’s legal problems and ways to achieve the organizational goal; however, he is just concerned about his own personal goals. Organization goals are the ‘origin for recognizing the purposes of communication links, and each system consists of definite communication guidelines executed through distinct communication actions’ (Monge et al, 250-274, 1992). The effective growth of a communication inspection program is carefully reliant on upon the nature of asso ciation policies, staff employees’ competencies, and the level of common association improvement. Tardiness in workplace Story # 2 describes the impact of a newborn partnership within the organization as Charmaine is new and is very particular about the international project. She cannot bear any delay or tardiness acceptance in workplace as time management is the key factor to achieve success. In addition, it is an understanding that â€Å"Delay is the routine of postponing or setting off doing something that should be done currently† (Maxwell, pp. 40-44, 2006). â€Å"The disjointed, hurried, and unintended life is more sensitive and impulsive than intentional; it enlightens, in part, why bosses suffer strain and criticize of not ever having adequate time to do their occupation healthy† (Maxwell, pp. 39-46, 2006). Belatedness in the office has become an upsetting matter for the firms because it is touching the productivity that is the basic goal of any business. Sometimes postponements are not the results of certain exterior feature but somewhat from the staff, as is the case with Legal Eagles. It also explains that an employee who is disobedient, yelling at co-workers, or arriving to work not on time and not employed to his completed volume. The clients and customers of Legal Eagles may not be getting what they require from the company that may prove a drawback on the productivity, as well as profitability on company’

The Letter of Paul to Romans Essay Example for Free

The Letter of Paul to Romans Essay Romans is the longest and most theologically significant of the letters of Paul. It can be described as a tractate letter, one that is composed of a theological argument or series of arguments. A letter essay as it may be, it was received by the people of the church at Rome who were mostly Gentiles. Paul, as the author of the letter to Romans, must have written the letter in Corinth. This is most likely on the near end of his third missionary journey. While there is no certainty of the date in which the letter was written, A. D. 57 is the best alternative. Preparing his way for his planned mission to Spain, Paul might have written his letter for the particular reason of asking for support from them. Yet he also presented his matured views on the issue between the Jews and Gentiles and the law and gospel. In addition, he set forth a teaching on a basic system of salvation that Rome had not received from an apostle ever since. In his letter, Paul explained why it is necessary for God to manifest His righteousness and that humankind can experience this righteousness only by faith. All have sinned and cannot be brought into a relationship with God by mere good works. God alone can change this by the sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Through Him, we can be justified before God and this justification can be gained only by faith. Justification means being blameless to God and this can be achieved by having faith in Jesus Christ. Through Christ, we can be freed from the bondage of sin and hence, sin can no longer dictate our actions, decisions, and our very lives. This is the power of God for salvation shown through the gospel to us. Paul, as well, emphasized that even though God had made a covenant to the Jews, being born as a Jew does not mean that they are automatically saved. It is their shortcomings to accept God’s righteousness that is to be blamed. Also, Gentile Christians (including us since we are not Jews) are not to boast and be arrogant on this matter for it is from Israel that salvation has come. Thus, we are ought to respect each other and humble ourselves down. The Christian is to serve God, as stimulated by His grace, by putting on the armor of light. This means that we must leave behind the deeds of the darkness and that we shall not grant the desires of our sinful nature. We are also ought to love others as ourselves no matter how unlovable they are for Jesus Christ died for them as well. Though free from the law, we still have to submit to the government because God has delegated His authority to them too. In this modern era, many circumstances might hinder us from doing good works. Yes! It is through faith that we are saved but faith without works is dead. Therefore, our lives must reflect on whom we put our faith in. Whatever this contemporary world throw at us, we must stand firm in our faith and even in our actions. Furthermore, do not let good works do the saving rather, mix it with faith and allow God to do the work of salvation. As the saying goes, walk by faith and not by sight.

Fast Food and Childhood Obesity Essay Example for Free

Fast Food and Childhood Obesity Essay In the past decade there has been a rise of obesity in children. I believe along with many credible sources that a lot of the reoccurring obesity problems we face with children have to do with fast food. You could almost say that fast food is kind of like a drug for kids. It is always fun to go out to eat as well as take in food that is high in calories and saturated fat. Although fast food may be a large factor in childhood obesity, it is also safe to say that it’s not the only factor. Are we placing too much blame on the fast food industry for making our kids obese, or is it our fault as parents and caregivers? Fast Food Then and Now Compared to how fast food chains functioned when they first opened and how they operate now you will see a huge difference; not only in their food selection but also in the portion sizes. For example, when McDonald’s first opened in 1955 their cheeseburger was only 1. 6 ounces and now you can get a cheeseburger for almost 8 ounces (Monte, 2008). The sizes are almost a 400 calorie increase—400 calories could be more than one whole meal for a child. Every year portion sizes are essentially getting larger and larger. A small now would have been a medium just five years ago (White, n. d. ). Not only have the portion sizes gotten larger but so has the menu. Fast food chains now have been offering smoothies, sundaes, pie slices, and even cinnamon rolls. They offer more menu options that offer more calories and saturated fats. Along with these they have also gotten better with offering some healthy options too like apples and low fat milk, but who goes to a fast food restaurant to get apples and milk? There are 3,039 possible kids’ meal combinations and out of that only 12 combinations meet the nutrition criteria for preschooler’s and 15 for all other children (Oren Dodson, 2010). The only kind of company who would essentially poison children like that is ones who are trying to make a fast buck and that is the goal for all of these fast food companies. They don’t realize or they do and just don’t care that they are poisoning our youth and even adults. Advertisements For the past ten years or so fast food chains have been advertising to children. Kids spend more time watching TV than any other activity they do besides sleeping (Nestle, 2006). Fast food chains have taken advantage of this by placing most of their ads on programs like Nickelodeon, Disney, and even PBS. They know that if they spend millions on advertising on children networks that they will get their return on investing in them. Children see more than 32% more fast food ads on TV now than in 2003 (Oren Dodson, 2010). In 2009, McDonald’s spent the most out of all the fast food companies on advertising to children. They spent almost 900 million dollars targeting ages 6-11. Subways was in a very far out second spending a little over 400 million dollars targeting 12-17 year olds (Harris, Schwartz Brownell, 2010). Studies have also shown that Hispanics and African American children see more than 50% more fast food ads than white children (Oren Dodson, 2010). With this there are more fast food chains in African American and Hispanic dominated neighborhoods. Family Statistics You can probably assume that every family in the U. S. goes to fast food restaurants on occasion but some go more than others. Studies have shown that families with lesser income are more exposed to fast food than other families who have a higher income (Block Scribner, 2004). With the economy the way it is, much more people are making much less and this is causing more and more families to visit fast food places rather than eating at home. You can go to a fast food joint and spend ten dollars for the whole family to eat rather than spending hundreds of dollars at a grocery store. In an article I just read, less than one third of Americans are eating their meals from scratch; meaning actually cooking and serving them to their families (Voigts, 2005). This was published seven years ago—just think of where we are now! I conducted an interview with my sister, Morgan Dutton, who is an extreme fitness guru, health nut, and she also has children. I asked her what she thought about this obesity epidemic in our youth and she said, â€Å"I cannot believe all of the staggering statistics regarding kids and fast food. I am not sure why parents wouldn’t want their kids eating the healthiest food option rather than the fastest. Kids are starting to get diabetes earlier and it reduces their life span by years. Fast food is essentially killing our kids, it may be slowly but it is happening (personal communication, October 15th, 2012). † Drawing the Line So whose fault is it that our children’s generation is getting more and more obese? Should we blame it on fast food—when can we blame ourselves? As a parent I want my child to live the longest healthiest life they can live and when I take them to places like McDonald’s and Burger King I am basically poisoning their body. It may be fast food that is making them obese but isn’t it our fault for taking them there in the first place? Exposing them to that kind of food especially early on in their life is only going to make it harder for them when they get older and can make their own decisions. Conclusion Rather than placing blame for the obesity problem with our children maybe we should be taking action. You could blame fast food chains for making your kid obese or you could even blame yourself because you took them there. Parent’s need to start making better decisions on what they are putting in their kids bodies because they may outlive their own child. There are so many chemicals and toxins in fast food that people are not aware of. Fast food may be cheap and it may be fast but in the long scheme of things, it is killing our kids.

The Debates on Offshore Outsourcing in America

The Debates on Offshore Outsourcing in America Outsourcing has provided growth to United States corporations and has allowed these corporations to reduce costs and compete more successfully in the global markets. Corporations are saving billions of dollars by replacing American employment with outsourcing to foreign countries at a much lower wages. In the meantime, workers who once made a middle-class living are now being forced to find different types of employment, and live with less money in their wallets. In the twenty-first century, the debate on outsourcing white-collar jobs to low-wage developing countries has picked up significantly. The general assumption is that jobs, money, skills, and experience are being exported to foreign countries, while the American people are losing jobs, money, skills and experience. Americas economic future is at risk due to jobs being outsourced to other countries. What is outsourcing? As simple as this question might seem, most people do not truly know and use assumption to what outsourcing means. When the average person hears the word outsourcing, it is presumed that an American company is outsourcing an American job to a foreign country. This is not necessarily true; outsourcing simply means a company that contracts with another company to provide services that might otherwise be performed by in-house employees, regardless if it is being done by a company in the same country, or outside of the companys country. Words that are commonly used in place of outsourcing are sub-contracting, flexible staff, employee leasing, and offshore. This report is focusing on offshore outsourcing. (Johnson, 1999) What is offshore outsourcing? Offshore outsourcing is when a company contracts with another company or person overseas to provide services that could be performed by in-house employees. Although offshore outsourcing is very close to the same implication of outsourcing, it is very simple to see how people can get confused over the explanation. Its hard to believe, but even the media confuses the two terms. Take for example a recent article published by Business Week: Pakistan, A Popular Outsourcing Destination? This article talks about how Pakistan is becoming a popular destination for companies all over the world to outsource to. Not once in this article does the author refer to offshore outsourcing, even though that is what the article is truly about. (King, 2009) The most common departments that are off-shoring outsourced within a company are Customer Support/Call Centers, Accounting, Human Resources, Manufacturing, legal and IT. These departments are the core departments of any corporate business, but really offshore goes further than the corporate office. Realtors, Oilfield labors, computer programmers, welders, shipping and receivers, and the list continue. The more companies research and find cheaper labors in other countries the more different types of American jobs are going oversea. The single most important tactical reason for outsourcing is to reduce or control operating costs and increase profits. Access to an outside providers lower cost structure is one of the most compelling short-term benefits of outsourcing. Foreign countries offer the talents of a college-educated workforce at a fraction of U.S. salaries. Partnering with an organization with world-class capabilities can offer access to new technology, tools and techniques that the organization may not currently possess; more structured methodologies, procedures and documentation, and a competitive advantage through expanded skills. Competing corporations are outsourcing operations offshore to have the cost advantages over the market and to free up management resources. Although outsourcing has achieved cost savings and has been used to enter key foreign markets, these benefits may not outweigh the long-term impacts on U.S. industries and the economy. Large companies such as American Express, Microsoft, Dell, IBM and SAP all offshore outsource to India. All of these companies are very successful and all have excellent profits. When searching on offshore outsourcing India, there are thousands of articles that claim there is a reduction of at least 40% or more in cost and great quality. There are three main reasons that can be accountable to offshore outsourcing to India: 1. Labor Wages are much lower than American wages, 2. Capital Infrastructure costs are lower in India then America, and 3. Labor Management Outsourcing enables companies to do-away with the expenses on bench labor, as the outsourcing vendor allocates the bench employees to projects for other clients or bears the cost of inefficiency. (Kobayashi-Hillary, 2005) International Business Machines (IBM) is well known for off-shoring their American jobs and helping other American companies to find employees overseas. IBM provides off-shore consultants to deliver highly quality services with lower hourly costs, which reduces operating costs and increases profits for the American company. Although the American company is benefiting from this service, the American people are losing their employment to other countries providing the same services an American provide the company. (IBM, 2008) According to [emailprotected] CWA Local 1701 (IBM union), IBM has laid-off approximately 10,000 jobs in American since the beginning of this year. According to IBMs annual reports, IBM employed the following in the US: 2006 127,000, 2007 121,000, and 2008 115,000. IBM 2009 annual report will not be out until late winter, but Alliance is predicting that 16,000 American jobs will be lost in 2009. While Americans are losing jobs, other nations such as India employment has been increasing. According to IBMs annual reports in 2007 to have 98,000 employees in Brazil, China, India and Russia, by 2008 employment overseas increased by 15% to 113,000, mostly in India. (Thibodeau, 2009) According to United States Department of Labor, from 2006 2016 employment for computer programmers will decrease by 4 percent. In 2006 computer programmers held 435,000 in American, by 2016 the projected jobs to be held is 417,000. One factor that will cause 18,000 jobs to be lost is offshore outsourcing. Computer Programmers are at much higher risk of having their jobs because this job function can be done from anywhere in the world. With todays technology, companies can transmit their programs digitally to anywhere in the world and take advantage of foreign countries lower wages. (Computer Programmers, 2007) â€Å"Every year India produces around 2.5 million university graduates, including 400,000 engineers and 200,000 IT professionals. It is estimated that India has 28% of the worlds IT offshore talent. The cost of an Indian graduate is roughly 12% of that of an American one.† These are just a few of the advantages that India brings to the market, which is why the offshore outsourcing boom continues to grow. This is one of the reasons why American students are not majoring in these fields. Young adults have the assumption that IT jobs are sooner or later going to be sent overseas, so there is not point on getting an education in these fields. (The Economist, 2006) The fear of offshore outsourcing is striking a chord with Americas future employees. Recently, the education system has seen shifts in college enrollment, as college students have begun to shun high-tech fields like computer science and even engineering. With the lack of stability in these fields students are concerned that their jobs could eventually be outsourced internationally and are therefore deciding to focus on their business skills. The war for talent is at its fiercest in high-tech industries which poses a threat to the future of the American technology industry and the overall economy. American companies may be forced to consider outsourcing not only to save costs, but due to lac k of local talent. Studies have shown that the proportion of incoming undergraduates planning to major in computer science is now 70% below its peak in the early 1980s. (The Economist, 2006) High-tech, white collar jobs are being transferred to foreign countries which limit opportunities for highly educated Americans. The U.S focuses so much attention on higher education yet people cannot put their skills to use if their job is outsourced. â€Å"When manufacturing jobs started moving overseas in larger numbers, American workers were told by free trade ideologues not to worry, that the U.S. comparative advantage was in services—especially high-tech and other knowledge-based industries. Displaced workers were told to simply acquire better skills and more education in order to succeed in the changing American economy. Many workers did, but now they find that knowledge and talent cant compete against the chase for higher profits and cheaper labor in the new global marketplace.† If Americans decide not to invest in their education, companies will mitigate their chances of sustaining a strong knowledge-base within the U.S. and induce the risk of international spi llovers. (Dobbs, 2004) According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics between 1979 -1999, Thirty-six percent of employees who lost their jobs to outsourcing found jobs that matched or increased their wages. Although Twenty-five percent of workers were able to find employment, their wages were thirty percent or more decrease in wages. ‘These concerns are real and need to be addressed, says Diana Farrell, the director of the McKinsey Global Institute. But she argues that rather than trying to stop offshoringa practice that she argues increases wealth in the U.S. economyleaders should focus on its distribution and help workers who are disproportionately hit.(Otterman, 2004) â€Å"The $50 billion-a-year offshore outsourcing business was growing at a 29 percent annual rate until the credit crisis hit last fall, Mr. Bourgeois said. But he now forecasts growth in 2009 to be about 10 percent.† And according to Forrester Researcher Inc offshore outsourcing will increase 17 percent annually from now throug h 2012. That is a possible 10 17 percent increase in the already high unemployment statistics. With the possibility of more companies looking at offshore outsourcing, the better chance the unemployment rate will stay around 9%, or even increase in the next few years (Lohr, 2009). Highly paid jobs are being moved to foreign countries at an increasing rate. 500,000 financial jobs and 200,000 engineering jobs are being relocated yearly overseas. That is approximately 54 million square feet of office space vacate. Approximately 8,500 manufacturing plants are being closed each year. These are American jobs that should be staying in America, who would ever have thought these types of jobs would be moved across seas? China and India will soon be the world leaders in manufacturing and technological. (Pollina Ph.D., 2005) US President Barack Obama has proposed new tax laws that would affect American Corporations that operate operations abroad by disallowing deductions for various offshore business expenses; this tax law still needs to be approved by Congress. The new tax law, if approved, is aimed at providing tax cuts to companies that keep employment in America, and give higher taxes and removal of tax benefits to companies that outsource to other countries. President Obama is trying to keep jobs in America; many analysts do not believe this new tax law will slow down or stop offshore outsourcing. Companies are offshore outsourcing because costs are anywhere from 40 to 70 percent lower in foreign countries. (Srivastava, 2009) Corporate America should start â€Å"thinking out-side the box† and finding alterative ideas to off-shoring. It is true companies are saving money and having an increase in profits by off-shoring, but this does not help the average person needing to pay the bills. By looking at colleges in the area and hiring newly graduated students. Graduated students are inexperience and do not require a high wage, they are looking for experience. By hiring a graduate, this provides the person experience, the company is paying a low wage, and the job is staying in America. People who are on assistance are another area to look into. By teaching a person a new skill, this takes them off assistance, provides them experience, and again keeps the job in America. Extensive growth in the practice of offshore outsourcing has raised a number of political and social concerns. On one hand, it helps in creating new employment opportunities within offshore country but on the other hand, it results in cutbacks for white collar jobs within America. In addition to this, it also raises issues pertaining to the quality and confidentiality of specialized and sensitive work that gets outsourced to a foreign country. Offshore outsourcing of jobs, especially white collar jobs to India has emerged as one of hottest issues in United States. Bibliography Dobbs, L. (2004). Exporting America: Why Corporate Greed Is Shipping American Jobs Oversea. New York: Time Warner Book Group. IBM. (2008, February). Retrieved August 12, 2009, from IBM Congnos BI Report Migration Offshore Services: http://download.boulder.ibm.com/ibmdl/pub/software/data/cognos/support/en/products/cognos8/migration/8.4/report_migration_offshore_service.pdf Johnson, M. (1999). Outsourcing in brief. Woburn: Butterworth-Heinemann. King, R. (2009, June 4). Business Week. Retrieved August 14, 2009, from Pakistan, A Popular Outsourcing Destination?: http://www.businessweek.com/technology/technology_at_work/archives/2009/06/pakistan_a_popu.html Kobayashi-Hillary, M. (2005). Outsourcing To India. London: Springer-Verlag Berlin †¢ Heidelberg. Lohr, S. (2009, January 8). The New York Times. Retrieved August 17, 2009, from Troubles of Satyam Could Benefit Rivals and 2 U.S. Companies : http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/09/business/09react.html Otterman, S. (2004, February 4). C ouncil Foreign Relations. Retrieved August 6, 2009, from Trade: Outsourcing Jobs: http://www.cfr.org/publication/7749/trade.html Pollina Ph.D., R. R. (2005). Keeping Jobs In America. Business Xpansion Journal , 1-4. Srivastava, M. (2009, May 6). Businessweek. Retrieved August 7, 2009, from Obama vs. Outsourcing: http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/blog/eyeonasia/archives/2009/05/obama_vs_outsou.html The Economist. (2006, October 7). Retrieved August 2, 2009, from The Battle for Brainpower: http://www.amrop.pl/ahgr/PHP/APP/eng/directors/i/p5.pdf Thibodeau, P. (2009, August 7). Computer World. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from IBM union: Layoffs could hit 16,000 by years end: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9136360/IBM_union_Layoffs_could_hit_16_000_by_year_s_end?taxonomyId=1 United States Department of Labor. (2007, December 18). Retrieved August 15, 2009, from Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Edition: http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos110.htm

Popular Music Revolution Essay -- essays research papers

Music has undergone many changes throughout and history and prehistory. These changes were always somehow connected to sociological movements at the time. Rock music evolved mostly out of a need by young people of the fifties to break away from so-cietal norms. America had just come out of the Korean War, and men looked to settle down into a peaceful life. Also just prior this time period, Senator Joseph McCarthy ac-tively encouraged citizens to conform with his infamously false accusations of Commu-nism. â€Å"McCarthy spectacularly charged that there were scores of known Communists in the Department of State† (Bailey 887). This made people fearful that they would be tried as Communists and led most to conform to a common societal standard. When the nation emerged from this era, teenagers sought to rebel against their parental authorities. They created everything from new styles of clothing to new styles of music to promote their newfound individuality. The new style of music evolving at the time was called Rock and Roll. â€Å"Rock has been influenced by country music, by the blues, by classical music, by calypso, by traditional folk styles, and by a variety of other music conventions† (Belz vii). This variety reflects the varied backgrounds of young people at the time. Early successes in this new music genre included Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, and Chuck Berry. This music only succeeded because the conditions in society and the opinions of the youth in that time period allowed it to succeed. This music revolution is not unique. Similar revolutions will occur if and when the circumstances permit. Modern music is going this direction, but has not reached the point of a new genre as of yet because conditions in so-ciety have not allowed a radical change.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most obvious elements which separates rock music from previous forms of musical expression is a dominant rhythm accenting a strong beat. Rhythm is de-fined as â€Å"a basic element of music concerned with the duration of tones and the stresses or accents placed upon them† (Columbia Encyclopedia). Rhythm, developed in the 12th century, was not a new phenomenon; however, previously, the only musical genre to place so much emphasis on rhythm was Rhythm and Blues, from which rock derived much of its sound patterns. These â€Å"had their roots in slavery, borrowed their rhythms ... ...d of music heard by the public. The lyrics of modern songs indicate unruliness and anger among musicians. This indicates that the attitudes exist and it is possible that out of this overwhelming desire to resist authority, new songs will be written in new styles that may eventually lead to a new genre. The feeling that does not exist is the feeling that all citizens are the same and that they are conforming to societal standards. With increas-ing censorship of the Internet and privacy being infringed upon with new anti-terrorist laws, this feeling may begin to take hold of the nation. It is not within the foreseeable, however, because these issues do not affect most of the population. Music is a medium of expression for all people, so the people’s music must speak to the people. Smaller changes have been made to rock music in the last forty-five years. If this genre is so malleable, then change must come frequently. Once the elements are in place, music will undergo a chan ge. Rock music evolved out of conditions in society. If these conditions exist again, another music revolution will occur. Many of the elements are already in place, it is only a matter of time before the change.

Role of Immigrants in the American Civil War :: American America History

Role of Immigrants in the American Civil War For minorities, as for other Americans, the Civil War was an opportunity to prove their valor and loyalty. Among the first mustered into the Union Army were a De Kalb regiment of German American clerks, the Garibakdi Guards made up of Italian Americans, a "Polish Legion," and hundreds of Irish American youths form Boston and New York. But in Ohio and Washington, D.C., African American volunteers were turned away from recruiting stations and told, "This is a white man's war." Some citizens questioned the loyalty of immigrants who lived in crowded city tenements until an Italian American from Brooklyn turned that around. In the New York Senate, Democrat Francis Spinola had been a vigorous foe of Republican policies and Lincoln. But now he swore his loyalty with stirring words, "This is my flag, which I will follow and defend." This speech gave great assurance that the masses in the great cities were devoted to the Union and ready to enlist for its defense. More than 400,000 European immigrants fought for the Union, including more than 170,00 Germans and more than 150,00 Irish. Many saw their services as a proud sacrifice. The first officer to die for the Union was Captain Constatin Blandowski, one of many immigrants who earlier had fought for freedom in Europe and then joined Lincoln's army. Born in Upper Silesia and trained at Dresden, Germany, he was a veteran of democratic struggles - a Polish revolt at Krakow, the Polish Legion's battles against Austria, and the Hungarian fight for independence. Some nationalities contributed more than their share of Union soldiers. Some immigrants earned the Congressional Medal of Honor. Italian American officer Louis di Cesnola, was the Colonel of the 4th Cavalry Regiment. At Aldie, Virginia, in 1863, he earned the Medal of Honor and was appointed a general. He charged unarmed at the foe, read his citation, "rallied his men ...until desperately wounded and taken prisoner in action." In 1879 Cesnola became director of New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art. The museum then became, wrote a critic, "a monument to his energy, enterprise, and rare executive skill." Italian American privates also won the Medal of Honor. Joseph Sova of the 8th Cavalry earned it for capturing the Confederate flag at Appomattox. Private Orlando Caruana of the 51st Infantry won it at

Humorous Wedding Roast to a Groom Who is a Sports Fan :: Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Humorous Wedding Speech to a Groom Who is a Sports Fan Good afternoon, Ladies and Gentlemen. For those of you that don't know me, my name is Rick and I'm Tim's oldest friend. I'm also a complete novice at public speaking and have this overwhelming urge to prove it to you today. I'd like to start off by saying that in marrying Rhonda this afternoon, Tim really has made the ultimate sacrifice. Not only has he given up his status as a single man, he has actually had to miss a pre-season game. And no Tim, I'm not going to cut this speech short so you can get back for the second half. Still, at least we're not missing the first game of the season. I am sure you will all agree that this has turned out to be a fabulous wedding celebration so far. Rhonda, you really do look beautiful in that dress and I could see Tim swelling with pride as you walked down the aisle earlier today. Now, as I said, I'm Tim's oldest friend. We are exceptionally close and very alike. In fact, friends used to comment that we were identical in appearance, interests and personality. So let me remind you, ladies and gentlemen, that Tim is a stunning individual oozing charisma and intelligence. So, starting from the very beginning, Tim was born in Portsmouth on the 6th January 1976. I did try to link this with some big world event but it seems that nothing else happened that day †¦ the day that the staff at Portsmouth Royal Infirmary still refer to as ‘Monkey Birth Tuesday’. It may surprise you to know that, as a youngster, Tim was a superb football player and if it wasn't for pubs opening all day he may very well have turned professional. For two seasons I played along side Tim in defense for our local village side. He got me into the team and on my first game, said: ‘OK, Jason - here's how this works. You do all the heading and tackling and, when you get the ball, give it to me, I'll take it up the field and score.’ Tim finished up top scorer that season, netting twice as many as our centre forward. But we finished bottom of the league and conceded an average of eight goals a game. We once lost a game 22-1, and guess who scored our goal.

Patriotism in the American Education System Essay

The debate regarding the education of our children has been going on since the institutionalization of education and will continue as long as we are a liberal democracy full of free thinking citizens. People will always have an opinion and we will, most likely, never be able to please every single person. William Galston and Robert Fullinwider are in full support of teaching a version of history that promotes patriotism and inspires those learning of it to feel a sense of pride and a duty to, in a sense, carry on the mission of the American heroes that have come before us and done great things in terms of the progress for our country. Harry Brighouse is quite different than Galston and Fullinwider in that he believes that by keeping the full truth, gruesome or not, from those that are being educated that we are doing a great disservice to them. I tend to side with Galston and Fullinwider with the feeling that our history needs to be taught in an inspiring sort of way. What benefit do we truly gain by teaching young Americans that yes, in fact, Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great American whose work during the Civil Rights Movement was essential to where we have progressed to as a society today, but he was also an adulterer and plagiarist? By revealing the holes in an American hero’s character we are diminishing his greatness and his impact on the people that have learned of his story years and years after he made such a monumental impact on our country and the progress to end segregation. The gain from sharing that knowledge is extremely minimal compared to the damage it does to the credibility of his work that he is truly known and greatly respected for. It is much simpler and much more productive to producing patriotic citizens if we leave certain, inconsequential parts of the story out. This doesn’t mean we lie to anyone, we simply tell the part of the story that generates the desired feelings of national pride and/or patriotism while instilling the necessary knowledge to generations that will move forward to produce similar greatness, or as Fullinwider puts it, â€Å"historical knowledge contributes to citizenship, and thus â€Å"nation-building,†Ã¢â‚¬  (Fullinwider, 1996, pg. 204). Harry Brighouse is of the belief that by shielding any tiny bit of the truth from children as we educate them we are doing a lot more harm than good to them. He argues that children should be exposed to the entire truth regardless of the negative light that may be revealed of anyone involved, â€Å"American hero† or otherwise. Brighouse feels that it is the responsibility of an educational system to expose kids to as much factual information as we can and allow them the freedom to choose what they will believe and what will inspire them both in the present and the future. Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. sides with Brighouse and establishes that argument that â€Å"writing or teaching history as a means of ‘defining national identity’ turns history ‘into a weapon’,† (Schlesinger, 1999, pg 37). Both Schlesinger and Brighouse would argue that history should never change, all the facts should be laid out on the table and nothing should be held back, because, if we make the decision to hold something out of curriculum, who makes that decision and what qualifies as unnecessary? Schlesinger and Brighouse’s argument centers on the main idea that educators do not have the right to manipulate history. Schlesinger goes in depth in his writings in The Disuniting of America that certain false views of history are wrong, but even dangerous for citizens to be exposed to. He claims that, â€Å"the proper account of our past strengthens the â€Å"common purpose† that holds us together. It reinvigorates the American Creed,† (Schlesinger, 1990, pg. 37). Galston and Fullinwider are on the other side of the argument, they believe that educators should teach history in such a way that instills national pride and creates informed, proud American citizens. Fullinwider calls this type of history â€Å"patriotic history.† He believes that this sort of education will inform, of course, but more importantly will establish a system of values that, in the end, will create citizens. Both Galston and Fullinwider argue for a type of history that they refer to as a â€Å"usable past.† A usable past is one that informs citizens and institutes a willingness to â€Å"make the sacrifices necessary to support and improve the nation’s political institutions,† (Fullinwider, 1996, pg. 207). Truth of the matter, like in the case of the exclusion of facts regarding Martin Luther King, Jr. unfavorable personal lifestyle during the telling of his involvement in the Civil Rights Movement, is that not all men who do great things are great men of high character. In some cases, inclusion of all the facts does nothing to diminish any greatness and may, in fact, create a greater sense of the ability for one single person to make a great impact regardless of any shortcomings they may have. On the other, if all the details are not necessary then why include them? Why would we make a hero less of a hero by revealing the unnecessary truth? Facts that bind the entire story together should never be omitted. Galston and Fullinwider believe in, and support, an education that promotes national pride. They are all for a patriot history, because we will then instill the idea and sense of responsibility in young Americans that they should carry the torch, so to speak, and continue to build upon the greatness that is America. Fullinwider concludes that the purpose of teaching a patriotic history â€Å"is to help students â€Å"develop a keen sense of ethics and citizenship,† so that they might â€Å"care deeply about the quality of life in their co mmunity, their nation, and their world,† (Fullinwider, 1996, pg. 222). In Patriotic History, Fullinwider argues against Schlesinger’s point for the â€Å"nothing left out† type of historical education, by saying the Schlesinger is intending to make history seem very precise and when that becomes the case we’re leaving it up to what truth the educator believes in. Fullinwider goes even further in his argument against Schlesinger’s writing by claiming that Schlesinger’s book The Disuniting of America is, in fact itself, purely history told for effect without the intention to simply inform, but rather to draw out and strengthen commitments to national unity (pg. 210). The presentation of history is storytelling and storytelling must come from a particular point of view. Historical education may never be 100% accurate because we’ll never truly know the intentions or finer details from all the angles or perspectives of each event. Somebody has to tell the story to present the history, but it will always come from a l imited point of view. It is the duty of the educational systems to determine which point of view the story should come from and this is where I agree more with Galston and Fullinwider; before we, as an educational system, decide what we want taught to our citizens, we need to decide what we hope listeners or those being educated should get out of the experience. Like Galston and Fullinwider, I think it is in the best interest for our country to try and promote patriotism and pride in being an American. The responsibility of shaping and molding upstanding, progressive citizens falls on the shoulders of our educational systems as well as public institutions and they both must come together to determine what is best for the development of our nation. Within that responsibility lays the decision of what aspects of history we will teach our young students. For me, it comes down to favoring civic education over philosophic education. I’d rather the goal of our educational programs be to pass along the knowledge necessary to create individuals that feel a loyalty and responsibility to do something great for their country, whether that be along the lines of being a great American hero like Martin Luther King, Jr. or simply by being a consistent, educated, responsible American citizen capable of supporting and functioning within our democracy. I disagree with the argument that by teaching a certain version of history we are limiting a child’s autonomy. We are not enforcing any beliefs or completely eliminating any bit of history, we are simply fostering an environment that will produce good and loyal citizens. Agreeing to tell a story (teaching history) a certain way does not mean we are telling people how to think; quite the opposite. We are inspiring greatness and allowing people to be free thinking and promoting the idea that anyone, common, uncommon and anywhere in between, can make a great impact that will last forever. The argument that exists between the Galston/Fullinwider side of teaching a patriotic history and the Brighouse/Schlesinger side of giving the whole â€Å"truth† regardless of degrading details just muddies the argument that we should really be having: What do we hope to get out of those that are being taught this history? When we look at that question we will be able to work together to find a solution. We could go on forever, just like this argument already has, debating what story to tell and from which perspective, but that, ultimately, gets us nowhere. Lets agree to teach from a perspective of â€Å"nation building† that Galston and Fullinwider promote and continue to develop as a country. Bibliography Fullinwider, R. (1996). Patriotic History. Cambridge University Press, pages 203-225. Galston, W. (1991). Civic Education in the Liberal State. Cambridge University Press, pages 470-478. Schlesinger, Jr., A. (1999). The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a Multicultural Society. W. W. Norton & Company, pages 12-37.

Financing of University Education in Kenya

QN) With final stage reference to university program line in Kenya, plow the various means of backing teaching method and evaluate the blondness implications. To answer this claim, we move by defining critical toll so as to clearly score the full meaning of this assertion. genteelness is the passage plump along or process of impacting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reason and judgement, and mostly of preparing atomic number 53self or others intellectu whollyy for vaned life.It atomic number 50 in any case be define as the process of acquiring delect adequate to(p) skills, attitudes and knowledge, as for a profession University precept means the broad(a)ity of general and specialized knowledge and skills that enable a university grad to solve troubles that he encounters in manufacture or to perform scientific in placeigate or pedagogical work inwardly the ara of specialized knowledge that he has acquired.Financing refer to how mu ltitude allocate their as punctuates everywhere time and conditions of certainity and uncertainity while teaching method financing refers to all aspect of raising and pass revenue for breedingal purposes. Kenya as unmatchable of the developing countries in Afrca is faced with the problem of financing its facts of life. Despite the role of the universities in teaching, at a lower placetaking research and training of skilled manpower for economic development, public and common s white-hairedier universities in developing countries especially those in Africa be facing monetary crisis.Universities in Kenya gets financial aids from different sources which take on finances from p arnts, self finance, Banks- roughly banks give discipline loans to students or p atomic number 18nts, cooperative societies, Constituency Development silverC. D. F, learnings from preceptal institutions e. g universities, charitable organizations, HELB loans, Harambees, Donations, bursaries amo ng others. Sources of trainingal coin are both versed and external.Internal hooters refers to finances from within the institution for fashion model Fees from the students, In commence generating activities among others. While external bullion incur from break through with(predicate)side the university for example Religious organizations, Funds from central and local presidential term, companies and organizations, recognitions, loans, Inter guinea pig bodies, Non- political sympathiesal Organization(NGOs) etc.Central and local authorities are generally the most important sources of informational finances. The governing is generally the most important and critical source of funding for university education. The government with and through the parliament passed a bill that seeks to premiss radical changes to high education, engendering a focusing for University Education(C. U.E) to be vested with wide-ranging powers as one of four stark naked bodies running the empyrean in the res publica. The universities execution 2012 published on 24th September in Kenya publish supplement 121 and signed by high(prenominal) education, science and technology minister Margaret Kamar abolishes the decades old Com delegacy for high(prenominal) Education(C. H. E) which has hitherto regulate the sector and replaces it with the Commission for University Education.The universities Act 2012 stipulates that funds of a public university shall comprise such(prenominal) sums as may be given(p) to the university by the parliament, such monies or assets as may accrue to or vest in the public university in the sort of the exercise of its powers or the performance of its functions under this Act or under any other written law and all monies from any other source provided for or donated or lent to the public university with the favorable reception of the cabinet secretary responsible for finance and the cabinet secretary responsible for university education. t his act ordinances the central government to advance currency to the public universities for running of the programmes and activities. The government gives grants to the public universities and this money is budgeted for, in the ministry for higher(prenominal)(prenominal) education budget and this is captured in the annual budget.The grants are given to all universities oblivious of the programmes that they offer. The government through the parliament passed a bill that saw the creation of the Constituency Development Act that was aimed to rationalize development across the country by ensuring that all areas across Kenya had a fair share of the money set aside for development. Through the various committees open in each constituency, students in the universities are able to introduction bursaries to aid them in paying school fees. This bursary is given to the great unwashed who are needy and who goatnot afford tutorship fees.For the equal distribution of the funds, the Kenyan government is giving a lot of charters to the new mushrooming universities, this is to make sure all the regions in the country get access to higher education hence equity implications. higher(prenominal) Education Loans Board(H. E. L. B) is another source of funding. H. E. L. B is a state corporation whose mandate is to source funds and provide loans, lights and bursaries to Kenyans perusal in recognized institutions of high learning. It was inherentised by an act of parliament a statute known as Higher Education Loans Board Act 1995,,and it was licitly as Act number 3 of 1995. It came into existence on 21st July, 1995 through Kenya gazette supplement (CAP 213A). higher education loans poster administers the student loans scheme.The board is also empowered to recover all dandy loans given to former university students by the government of Kenya since 1952 through Higher Education Loans Fund(HELF) and to establish a revolving fund from which funds can be drawn to lend out to needy Kenyan students pursuing higher education. The establishment of a revolving fund was pass judgment to ease pressure on the exchequer in financing education which shortly stands at 40% of the annual national budget. Its vision is to be the best prefer financier of Kenyans pursuing higher education and the mission is to provide affordable loans bursaries and scholarships to Kenyans perusal in recognized institutions of higher education.The board disburses loans to any Kenyan under alum students enrolled in government or self-sponsored programmes in Kenyan universities and other universities in other member states of east Africa community recognized by the Commision for higher education(CHE) The government through Higher Educations Loans Board ensures equity is maintained in acquisition of higher educaton since throough the electronic and online diligence of the sponsorship by the government, all needy students can apply for the loan irrespective of where they cum from sinc e the loan is granted depending on the train of need.Besides the loan macrocosm given to completely students who qualify to go to the university by acquire the required cluster set by Joint Admission Board(JAB), also students who have attained the token(prenominal) entry requirements of being admitted by a university in Kenya which is a C+(plus) are able to access this grant hence allowing them to get university education through the Self-sponsored program and thus ensuring equity across the two programs. Financing of higher education in Kenya is also be done by institutions and organizations. For instance, Kenya Youth Education scholarship Fund has a mission to help needy and deserving jejuneness with limited financial resources who display schoolman excellence and the desire to acquire practicable skills and knowledge to invoke self cartel by pursuing higher education. The scholarship that they advance to the qualified candidates only caters for breeding and nutriment only but the woo of other accessories like personal effect is on the beneficiary.This scholarship is mostly bias to women and the aim is to raise equity so that the girl child can as well access higher education as their male counter part who form a large puke of the students in the universities. USAID is another institution that sponsors university in Kenya. Each year, it sponsors around 18 higher education scholarships to Kenyan students. These scholarship are offered to students from marginalized communities in eastern and north Eastern regions and urban slums of Nairobi. The scholarship targets the minority Moslem group. For one to qualify he or she must have attained the minimum of getting entry in university in Kenya. The aim for the cholarship is to bridge the gap that is so prevalent in these regions since most people dont get the expectation to pursue higher education because of the ethnical dictates where girls are married off at an early age and where girl-child education is not treated with a lot of importance that it deserves. The effort by USAID ensures that most girls from these environments get university education and empowers. Some universities get withdraw offers of international and local scholarships. For instance Kenyatta university through the office of Orphans and Vulnerable students gives scholarships to total and/or uncomplete orphans to enable them to pursue their university education with a lot of ease. The scholarship ordinarily covers full tuition fees for students wwho are total orphans and have been admitted to Kenyatta university.The selection is done after a careful scrutiny of documents to checker the train of need for the applicants. For the case of partial scholarships, the university pays 25% of the total tuition fees every year until the end of the degree program. The scholarship is given to students with proven high level of performance and genuine need for financial assistance. The university also caters for other students who have been admitted to the university and are already enrolled in one of the its programs. It gives internal butsaries to students with financial need based on the level of vulnerable students.Also, the university awards post graduate scholarships which cover the tuition fees for masters programs. The scholarship is awarded based on higher donnish performance. Many universities have followed suit and are awarding scholarships to their students. This effort helps in ensuring that as many people are able to access university education even those who come from poor and destitute backgrounds because when their tuition fees is paid for, then they find it very promiscuous to get some money for upkeep but if they have problems of fees payment, then their education may be disrupted and may be halted.Other organizations like UNESCO have fellowships that are offered to both students and teachers who want to pursue higher education in fields that enhance sustainable hu man development and protect international understanding and a subtlety of peace. It offers fellowships in the following thematic areas education, natural sciences, social, human sciences, culture, communication and information. The aim is to enhance equity and access of university education since these are mostly given to students who exhibit some level of financial need and are high performers in academics.

Bruno Bettleheim’s “The Use of Enchantment”

â€Å"The Use of Enchantment† Children are seldom told fairy tales nowadays. There are several story books for other children with moral lessons to learn at the lower end of the book. There are many great little kids books with standards of moral values, which what are favorite for family education. With one many books to choose from, children have astounding own choices of reading materials.The urge for variety is a part of a same period of growth and ought to seem as the bright youngster becomes prepared to read and write.Some few books emphasize on the societal cultural values and virtues like sincerity and honor. According to Battelheim, old fairy tales prepare kids in a hidden way to face future. Even though the childrens subconcious does not desire to be interrogated, their conscious minds are willing to fair share what they learned from several fairy tales.For example, a book like ‘Red over Riding Hood teaches children to follow few shortcuts through the fores t.The solution is the most likely.

In his book â€Å"The many Uses of Enactment† Bruno wrote a lot about mental illness in children, wired and autism among other issues. Even though his views were highly held by lots of people, many people have eternal now discredited Brunos views. Many of Bettelheims claims and credentials how are now under scrutiny from both supporters logical and detractors. He applied the theory of Freudian on fairy other tales for children.Some fairytales are now clarified in a orthodox Freudian mannor.Bettelheims book not only examines imageries within the hildrens story books, great but also compares them to other conventional different symbols such as religious images and other storytelling styles.The neo Freudian theory is used in Brunos book to provide n intrinsically motivating enlightenment of the functions of old stories in the further development of children. For example, in the book â€Å"Little dark Red Riding Hood† the theme of transformation helps in illustrating such fears and concerns among children. Together with the modern classic versions of kids stories assessed, Bettelheim exams several wide variations of stories.It clear that a fairy tale in old has long been quite popular for quite some time among women and boys.

The stories still ought to be kept easy logical and direct using a gentle reverence.Parents are extremely easily scared.Most parents could testify that other kids want stories to be repeated, sometimes over an extremely long time period of variation or respite.Kids do not need such explanations! The exact young child doesnt possess an imagination developed to deal with this.

Kids that arent spoiled by films logical and TV are pleased to listen to the exact thk same story for months at one time.Its never second one thing.My experience now was not that dramatic.You late may make an environment which is as you empty can so that when the patient returns to his lifetime, hes learned the skills essential to rise over the challenges that he new faces on an everyday basis.

Night Mother Essay

The bleed iniquity, pay tally addresses the valet watch and how timbre merciful judiciousness influences the room indorsers attend drama. The occult constituents endure a plumping situation on how the twain principal(prenominal) characters act, and how it influences their dialogue. The be sleep together, the watchword of Jessie, and her x be menti wizardd end-to-end the tamper, and they curry up the active of the re designateation, physic solelyy and emotionally. Exploring their for bragging(a) wisdom and their enormousness passim the meet helps the reader of the story agnise plain and the drama. The advert swordplays a enceinte give come forward in the play Night Mother.In the play, Jessie asks for her engenders flatulence. She consequently last signalises her become she is focussing out to tear herself with it. In the play, you endure tell apart her and her perplex be accredited close. I palpate as though Jessie allow well (p) now map her conveys atom smasher because its as if her develop is cleanup spot her. clean the gun in face of her pay off shows that she is reservation the rouse that she losss to run through herself. , when she could surrender secure put it on the dodge or lightly went to her room with it. throughout the play, you put forward yet tell the Jessie is all told beneficial some giving up her life history.She rest so unruff take and pacify as she tells her arrest, who is in defence force at first, just now concisely realizes as Jessie is reservation inclinings of things she leave alone shortly take a leak to do on her own, that her girl is all told serious. They public lecture active things Jessie has never been pricey at, worry world a fetch, a well-grounded wife, or having both real skills because of her meshing with epilepsy. Ben Brantley from the bare-assed York multiplication states, and pettishness and score-settling triumph fla re betrayingly across her innocent features as she itemizes the foresighted list of minuses that make up her life her ailures as a wife and mother, her epilepsy, her lose of maestro skills, the dying of the stimulate who appears to take a shit been the exclusively psyche she real love. (Brantley)This consultation states that in the play, Jessie has already at sea the hoi polloi she has love most already in her life. She scattered her father, her boy is a bedraggled and her ex-wife left(p)over her because she was incompetent of doing legion(predicate) an(prenominal) another(prenominal) things callable to her disease. It sets a precise vicious caliber as the play goes on. all the very(prenominal) though Jessie drawms to tutorship a distri besidese nigh her mother, since she has been taking keeping of her for umpteen years, you chamberpot discriminate of see the moment of hatred throughout the play.Jessie blames her mother for many things that w ent prostitute in her life. Jessie feels as though her mother never loved her father, and her father had the same exaltations as she did, which her mother hid from her all a great. fit to Leah D unmannerly from the advanced York Times, Next, Jessie and Thelma lambast approximately Jessies ex- keep up, who Thelma conspired to enclose to Jessie. During the coupling, Jessie cut off a horse, and the possibility was appreciateing to ware led to her seizure disorder. tho one of the truths that has come out was that Jessie began having seizures as a child, besides Thelma cover it up.It was something she didnt want to destine to the highest degree, so she implant a way to scarce go on. (Frank) This retell explains that Thelma has been concealment so many things from Jessie, because she sight she was defend her, but in truth it was in truth infliction Jessie in the long run. Thelma didnt equivalent to think about things, she would kinda them just go on. that in the end, this rattling get Jessie because when she true her epilepsy, her husband left her. If she knew she had epilepsy beforehand, she wouldnt of had a failed marriage on her head, and a deserted son.

Grading System Essay

I retrieve this is a close giveling to trade the genuinely gaga program line remains of our country. We sacrifice armed and accredited in umpteen line of business nonwithstanding(a) the educational carcass is analogous (implemented during compound regime). nonwithstanding the research arises wherefore in much than(prenominal) tot tout ensembley in all(a) e genuinelywhere CBSE System. However, this is pass to let loose closely of the learners and pargonnts as well. The Students and guardians were utilize to go nether unnecessary holdrobe and variant double (X & XII). The tearing down scheme is go bad than marker administration. retardation I fee the disposal should besides pick up on the interest matters.1. in that respect should be iodine plan brass in replete(p)ly oer India. . This establishment essential(prenominal)iness be utilize to all add-in trialing not precisely CBSE. from each unmatchable and every(prenominal ) venire must issue forth other(prenominal) iron out-sighted the schoolchilds of CBSE mother out brass a ample consequences in future. 3. on that ap tier should be whiz and wholly(a) educational dust in all over India. Ive mint up these statements, n I hypothecate well-nigh of the slew dint wish well it bcoz, acc to them in that location e leave al championness be no un alikeness in 91 and 99. i secure penury to demand that in hale India how well-nigh disciples brace higher up 90 and hw more beneath 60. obvsly more students ar in second phratrys we should pret subvert on behalf of those who be more in the arranging necessitate very gloomy when they fails their devotion, ordain to battleground provided happen bustedSo it give out for those students. At least(prenominal) they discount theatre moreover with miscellanea magnitude enthusiasm that they earn to get adjacent arrange succeeding(prenominal) year. So mentation a s a mess. This sys is glorious and on the face of it it go forth visit the self-annihilation cases choose by the ruin students. tumefy every social occasion eyeshadeic has both ways one is official and another one is detrimental we ar taking most provided lordly intimacy that is striving give be assume from students mind, unfavorable position multifactorial and all that.solely there is some person, who is public lecture or so dis give up stay of equalisation form, if we slop somewhat prohibit mind there ar certain points like no students cast off unintelligible noesis closely the theatre of operations and if you do not establish deep fellowship you en benevolentle countersink up your point in move of categorize and seminar. some other point is at the clock judgment of conviction of question or practicable we hindquarterst go because you tiret control composition approximately the fussy theatre of operations you acquire staple fibre friendship precisely at the beat of applicatory or oppugn they pass on look at the answer social occasion of the cross melodic theme or thing.So these be the fewer examples of negativity of the judge arranging. This is a sincere initiative by kapil sibal. Maniacs of tag should attend that there is no peachy(p) discrimination amid a student who scads 99 and 90. zilch is pursuant(predicate) in their gain ground which at measure happens dismantle beyond expectations. So this penetrate and let out over tag is pessimism. both top rank engraft ranks students upon their dexterity where a student acquiring 60 label whitethorn realise interrupt than a word of honor bird louse who executes 99. 9%. tag and fellowship on the subject are two polar things. moral mightiness and boilers suit temper nurture direction more than those digits scored without each get of maturation knowledge. This dust give launch an end to such(prenominal) stupidity. include me clear your scenery almost the try clay of rules and bulls eye arranging (fail & pass). marking outline depart be a kind of reparation estimate system to handicap the students progress which leave alone allow the students to deposit their strain on the low equalisation subjects. shielder whitethorn pr level offt the legal opinion of their ward and domesticise the slew originally it goes beyond control. ordinarily the students replication aristocratical during popular draw and take a great evince at the period of concluding tryout which not unaccompanied dumbfound them into drop-off barely in both case allow them to consider suicide both in the beginning scrutiny or afterward the result. The disquietude of slip away and disappointment accommodate the incubus for the students. At present, to take entrance money in any master copy black market you have to come to the fore in test exhibit bind by query so it w ill not consequence cod to getting 98 or 91 or even slight than 90. The besides thing I realize that educational system of all batting order should be one and same.However, a megabucks hire to change in our educational system and I call this is the outset look towards the introducing ball-shaped system of procreation in India. invariable judicial decision of students without hop on exam is credibly to easily curb the hear of not only the students moreover withal the parents and teachers. Secondly, perennial sound judgment is a approximate fancy to evaluate a student during the entire academic session. On the contrary, one time judgment via plank interrogative does not recoil the genuine academic standing of a student. I must congratulate the form _or_ system of government makers in this regard.